Press Release:

• Statement by Peter Eigen on launch of the CPI 2001
• Corruption Perceptions Index 2001
• Previous indices
• Frequently asked questions about the CPI
• Background paper on methodology
• The Precision and Regional Comparison of
  Perceived Levels of Corruption
  - Interpreting the Results
• Survey Sources for the 2000 CPI
• Sources contributing to the assessment of each country
• General Press Contacts for the 2000 CPI

Explanatory notes A more detailed description of the CPI methodology is available at www.gwdg.de/~uwvw/2001.htm 2001 CPI Score relates to perceptions of the degree of corruption as seen by business people, academics and risk analysts, and ranges between 10 (highly clean) and 0 (highly corrupt). Surveys Used refers to the number of surveys that assessed a country's performance. A total of 14 surveys were used, and at least three surveys were required for a country to be included in the CPI. Standard Deviation indicates differences in the values of the sources: the greater the standard deviation, the greater the differences of perceptions of a country among the sources. High-Low Range provides the highest and lowest values of the sources. Since each individual source has its own scaling system, scores are standardised around a common mean for the subset of countries featuring in the individual survey. As a result, it is possible in rare cases that the highest value exceeds 10.0 and the lowest can be lower than 0.0. Only the aggregate final country scores are restricted to the reported range between 0 and 10.

The 2001 Corruption Perceptions Index Country Rank Country 2001 CPI Score Surveys Used Standard Deviation High-Low Range 1 Finland 9.9 7 0.6 9.2 - 10.6 2 Denmark 9.5 7 0.7 8.8 - 10.6 3 New Zealand 9.4 7 0.6 8.6 - 10.2 4 Iceland 9.2 6 1.1 7.4 - 10.1 Singapore 9.2 12 0.5 8.5 - 9.9 6 Sweden 9.0 8 0.5 8.2 - 9.7 7 Canada 8.9 8 0.5 8.2 - 9.7 8 Netherlands 8.8 7 0.3 8.4 - 9.2 9 Luxembourg 8.7 6 0.5 8.1 - 9.5 10 Norway 8.6 7 0.8 7.4 - 9.6 11 Australia 8.5 9 0.9 6.8 - 9.4 12 Switzerland 8.4 7 0.5 7.4 - 9.2 13 United Kingdom 8.3 9 0.5 7.4 - 8.8 14 Hong Kong 7.9 11 0.5 7.2 - 8.7 15 Austria 7.8 7 0.5 7.2 - 8.7 16 Israel 7.6 8 0.3 7.3 - 8.1 USA 7.6 11 0.7 6.1 - 9.0 18 Chile 7.5 9 0.6 6.5 - 8.5 Ireland 7.5 7 0.3 6.8 - 7.9 20 Germany 7.4 8 0.8 5.8 - 8.6 21 Japan 7.1 11 0.9 5.6 - 8.4 22 Spain 7.0 8 0.7 5.8 - 8.1 23 France 6.7 8 0.8 5.6 - 7.8 24 Belgium 6.6 7 0.7 5.7 - 7.6 25 Portugal 6.3 8 0.8 5.3 - 7.4 26 Botswana 6.0 3 0.5 5.6 - 6.6 27 Taiwan 5.9 11 1.0 4.6 - 7.3 28 Estonia 5.6 5 0.3 5.0 - 6.0 29 Italy 5.5 9 1.0 4.0 - 6.9 30 Namibia 5.4 3 1.4 3.8 - 6.7 31 Hungary 5.3 10 0.8 4.0 - 6.2 Trinidad & Tobago 5.3 3 1.5 3.8 - 6.9 Tunisia 5.3 3 1.3 3.8 - 6.5 34 Slovenia 5.2 7 1.0 4.1 - 7.1 35 Uruguay 5.1 4 0.7 4.4 - 5.8 36 Malaysia 5.0 11 0.7 3.8 - 5.9 37 Jordan 4.9 4 0.8 3.8 - 5.7 38 Lithuania 4.8 5 1.5 3.8 - 7.5 South Africa 4.8 10 0.7 3.8 - 5.6 40 Costa Rica 4.5 5 0.7 3.7 - 5.6 Mauritius 4.5 5 0.7 3.9 - 5.6 42 Greece 4.2 8 0.6 3.6 - 5.6 South Korea 4.2 11 0.7 3.4 - 5.6 44 Peru 4.1 6 1.1 2.0 - 5.3 Poland 4.1 10 0.9 2.9 - 5.6 46 Brazil 4.0 9 0.3 3.5 - 4.5 47 Bulgaria 3.9 6 0.6 3.2 - 5.0 Croatia 3.9 3 0.6 3.4 - 4.6 Czech Republic 3.9 10 0.9 2.6 - 5.6 50 Colombia 3.8 9 0.6 3.0 - 4.5 51 Mexico 3.7 9 0.6 2.5 - 5.0 Panama 3.7 3 0.4 3.1 - 4.0 Slovak Republic 3.7 7 0.9 2.1 - 4.9 54 Egypt 3.6 7 1.5 1.2 - 6.2 El Salvador 3.6 5 0.9 2.0 - 4.3 Turkey 3.6 9 0.8 2.0 - 4.5 57 Argentina 3.5 9 0.6 2.9 - 4.4 China 3.5 10 0.4 2.7 - 3.9 59 Ghana 3.4 3 0.5 2.9 - 3.8 Latvia 3.4 3 1.2 2.0 - 4.3 61 Malawi 3.2 3 1.0 2.0 - 3.9 Thailand 3.2 12 0.9 0.6 - 4.0 63 Dominican Rep 3.1 3 0.9 2.0 - 3.9 Moldova 3.1 3 0.9 2.1 - 3.8 65 Guatemala 2.9 4 0.9 2.0 - 4.2 Philippines 2.9 11 0.9 1.6 - 4.8 Senegal 2.9 3 0.8 2.2 - 3.8 Zimbabwe 2.9 6 1.1 1.6 - 4.7 69 Romania 2.8 5 0.5 2.0 - 3.4 Venezuela 2.8 9 0.4 2.0 - 3.6 71 Honduras 2.7 3 1.1 2.0 - 4.0 India 2.7 12 0.5 2.1 - 3.8 Kazakhstan 2.7 3 1.3 1.8 - 4.3 Uzbekistan 2.7 3 1.1 2.0 - 4.0 75 Vietnam 2.6 7 0.7 1.5 - 3.8 Zambia 2.6 3 0.5 2.0 - 3.0 77 Cote d´Ivoire 2.4 3 1.0 1.5 - 3.6 Nicaragua 2.4 3 0.8 1.9 - 3.4 79 Ecuador 2.3 6 0.3 1.8 - 2.6 Pakistan 2.3 3 1.7 0.8 - 4.2 Russia 2.3 10 1.2 0.3 - 4.2 82 Tanzania 2.2 3 0.6 1.6 - 2.9 83 Ukraine 2.1 6 1.1 1.0 - 4.3 84 Azerbaijan 2.0 3 0.2 1.8 - 2.2 Bolivia 2.0 5 0.6 1.5 - 3.0 Cameroon 2.0 3 0.8 1.2 - 2.9 Kenya 2.0 4 0.7 0.9 - 2.6 88 Indonesia 1.9 12 0.8 0.2 - 3.1 Uganda 1.9 3 0.6 1.3 - 2.4 90 Nigeria 1.0 4 0.9 -0.1 - 2.0 91 Bangladesh 0.4 3 2.9 -1.7 - 3.8 Note on the Bangladesh score: Data for this country in 2001 was available from only three independent survey sources, and each of these yielded very different results. While the composite score is 0.4, the range of individual survey results is from -1.7 to +3.8. This is a greater range than for any other country. TI stresses, therefore, that this result needs to be viewed with caution.